The basics of agricultural science include various concepts and principles related to natural resource management, crop production, and environmental maintenance and empowerment to achieve optimal agricultural results. Some important basics of agricultural science include:
Soil Science (Pedology)
This science studies the nature, composition, and structure of soil and how soil affects plant growth. Aspects studied include soil fertility, soil pH, soil texture, and the ability of the soil to absorb water and nutrients.
Agrotechnology
Agrotechnology is the application of technology in agricultural activities. This includes plant cultivation techniques, pest and disease management, and the use of agricultural tools and machines.
Botany (Plant Science)
Botany is the science that studies various aspects of plants, such as morphology, physiology, genetics, and taxonomy of plants cultivated in agriculture.
Plant Protection (Pesticides and Pest Control)
This aspect studies pests, diseases, and weeds that threaten agricultural products and effective control methods, both chemically, biologically, and mechanically.
Plant Cultivation
Plant cultivation includes techniques in planting and caring for plants so that they can grow well and produce maximum products. This includes variety selection, planting techniques, fertilization, irrigation, and pruning.
Pest and Plant Disease Science
This science studies the types of pests and diseases that can attack plants, and how to control them effectively so that agricultural products are not threatened.
Agricultural Economics
Agricultural economics studies how agricultural activities can be carried out efficiently and profitably. This includes aspects of markets, prices, production costs, and agricultural policies.
Natural Resources and Environment
Understanding the sustainable management of natural resources and the environment to ensure the sustainability of agricultural production in the future.
Postharvest and Processing of Agricultural Products
After the crops are harvested, proper processing and storage are essential to reduce losses and maintain product quality. This includes the process of storing, processing, and marketing agricultural products.
These basics serve as a foundation for developing science and technology in a sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural sector.