1. Getting to Know Mustard Greens

Mustard greens (Brassica spp.) are one type of leafy vegetable that is popular in Indonesia. There are several varieties of mustard greens, such as green mustard greens (caisim) and white mustard greens (pakcoy), which are widely cultivated because of their high demand and short harvest period.



2. Mustard Greens Growing Requirements

Mustard greens grow optimally at an altitude of 5–1,200 meters above sea level with a temperature of 20–30°C. This plant requires full sunlight and loose soil with a pH of 5.5–6.8.



3. Land Preparation

Soil Cultivation: Loosen the soil to a depth of 20–30 cm, then let it sit for 7 days.

Base Fertilizer: Use 15–20 tons of mature manure per hectare or organic compost.

Beds: Make beds 100 cm wide, 30 cm high, and a distance between beds of 30–40 cm.



4. Seed Selection and Sowing

Seed Selection: Choose certified seeds from superior disease-resistant varieties.

Sowing: Seeds are sown in seed trays or beds for 10–14 days before transplanting.

Watering: Maintain the moisture of the planting medium so that the seeds grow evenly.



5. Planting

Planting Distance: 25 x 25 cm or 30 x 30 cm depending on the variety.

Planting: Transplant the seedlings when they are 2 weeks old or have 3–4 leaves.



6. Plant Maintenance

Watering: Do it routinely in the morning and evening, especially during the dry season.

Weeding: Weed at least twice during the planting period.

Follow-up Fertilization: Use NPK or liquid organic fertilizer after 10 days of planting and repeat every 7–10 days.

 Pest Control: Use botanical pesticides or insecticides according to the dosage if caterpillars, aphids, or fungal diseases attack.



7. Harvest

Harvest Age: Mustard greens are ready to harvest in 30–45 days after planting.

Harvesting Method: Cut the mustard greens stem using a sharp knife at the base. Avoid pulling so that the soil maintains its structure.



8. Post-Harvest and Marketing

Cleaning: Wash the mustard greens to remove soil and dirt.

Sorting: Sort the mustard greens based on size and quality.

Marketing: Distribute to traditional markets, supermarkets, or restaurants with attractive packaging.


Conclusion

Mustard greens cultivation can be a profitable agricultural business opportunity if done with the right techniques. Pay attention to each stage from seed selection to marketing to get maximum results. By following the guide above, you can produce high-quality mustard greens and increase income from the agricultural sector.